Ratih Dyah Utami and Nyilo Purnami and Viskasari Pintoko Kalanjati (2020) Characteristics of Down Syndrome Children with Delayed Speech and Hearing Loss in Audiology Clinic, Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 11 (5). pp. 758-762. ISSN 0976-5506; 0976-0245

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Abstract

Background: Down syndrome is a pathologyrelated to trisomy 21 chromosome. The incidence of Down syndrome is approximately 1/1000 births in some countries. The syndrome is commonly associated with the risks of developmental delays, difficulties in speech and hearing loss. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics ofchildren with Down syndrome suffered from delayed speech and hearing loss in Audiology Clinic, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya from January 2013-December 2017.Method: This study is an observational analysis with cross-sectional retrospective design onthe patient’s medical record. Results: Thirty patients were diagnosed with delayed speech amongst the Down syndrome children; 19 (63.3%) were males; 11(36.7%) were females. The most frequent was in the age group of >1-2 years[8 patients (26.7%)]; the least was in the age group of 4-6 months [1 patient (3.3%)]. Hearing loss was found in 21 patients (70%) and the rest had normal hearing [9 patients, (30%)]. Amongst the first group, 1 patient (3.3%) had profound hearing loss, 8 patients (26.7%) had severe hearing loss, 11 patients (36.7%) had moderate hearing loss and 1 patient (3.3%) had mild hearing loss. Two patients (6.7%) had prenatal problem, 2 patients (6.7%) had natal problem, 7 patients (23.3%) had post-natal problem. Amongst these, 1 patient (3,3%) had prenatal and natal problems, 5 patients (16,7%) had natal and post-natal problems, 1 patient (3,3%) had prenatal and post-natal problems, 3 patients (10%) had prenatal, natal and post-natal problems, and the rests had no recorded problems. Conclusion: Hearing loss was prevalent in Down Syndrome children with delayed speech. This might be correlated to the prenatal, natal, post-natal health risk problems. The hearing loss should be considered during treatment of speech delay in Down Syndrome children.

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