Bambang Poernomo S. (2011) mice (mus musculus) as an animal model on study of teratology on the research of nicotine. The Future of Anatomy: clinical anatomy Biomolecular and Cellular Anatomy,Anatomy in Radiology and lmaging . Faculty of Medicine of Airlangga University, Surabaya.

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Abstract

Teratology is the science of pathological embryology, which encompasses the study of abnormal development and congenital malformation of the embryo. The embryonic phase includes the period during which charactestic organs are being formed into definitive structures. It is followed by the fetal period, which characterized by maturation of the organ systems. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of certain physical, chemical, and biological agents on the developing embryos so that preventiye measures can be taken to avoid the occurrence of abnormal development. However, experimental animal such as mice may be more useful models for the study of not only - teratogenic chemicals Iike nicotine, but also to study the interaction of the embryo, the mother, and the agents. Among in appropriate animals, such as mice, for teratological testing are those that do not possess first line defense mechanism inherent in higher mammals to developing tissues. The two researches were shown to prove the mice as an appropriate animal for teratogenic study. The first research showed, that nicotine has significantly effects on the reproductive performance on the female mice consist of reduction of the maternal body weight, length of the fetal, total number of lived fetus, respectively. Nicotine was harmfully to the fetal through increased intra uterine fetal death, namely increased of birth total number of the death fetus and embryos resorption. Nicotine also has several abnormalities on formation of the bones. The second research showed that nicotine caused a decrease in the number of ovarian follicles in mice. but but did not atfect their diameters. The average level of blood estrogen caused by exposure of nicotine was 8 pg/ml, it means below normal value. There was no correlation between the number and diameter of ovarian follicles with blood estrogen level at'ter nicotine's exposure. It can be concluded that mice has possibility as an animal model of study teratology, especially in the research of nicotine, because of several effects on pregnant mother, reproductive performance, and abnormality of fetuses.

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