Miranti Candrarisna Sunarso, - and Lucia Tri Suwanti, - and Sri Agus Sudjarwo, - (2019) Mechanism of anti-toxoplasmosis ethanol extract of mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana Linn) on the expression of IFNγ, interleukin 12, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and histopathological of mice kidney. Drug Invention Today, 11 (3). pp. 558-564. ISSN 0975-7619

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Abstract

Aim: Toxoplasmosis is a dangerous infectious disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii in the blood or tissue. This disease is zoonotic which is source of transmission from animals to humans. Therapy herbal medicine for toxoplasmosis can be determined by looking at IFNγ, interleukin 12 (IL-12), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) expression, and seeing the level of organ damage. This study is to prove the mechanism of anti-toxoplasmosis of mangosteen peel extract against T. gondii. Materials and Methods: The study was divided into two stages: Stage I: Determination of the effective dose 50% of mangosteen peel extract against T. gondii and Stage II: Mechanism of anti-toxoplasmosis of mangosteen peel extract against T. gondii. This study used 50 mice divided into five groups: Healthy control group (P0) given 0.5% CMC-Na, P1 group without treatment, P2 group given Cotrimoxazole 60 mg/kgB, and P3 and P4 groups given mangosteen peel extract 200 and 400 mg/kgBW (orally twice a day). Results: After injection of T. gondii 102 intraperitoneally and given treatment for 5 days then blood samples taken for measurement of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine; kidney organ samples to determine organ damage, IFNγ, IL-12, and MMP-9 expression. The effective dose 50% (ED 50%) of Mangosteen peel extract was at a dose of 60 mg/kgBW. Mangosteen peel extract 200 mg/kgBW (P3) and 400 mg/kgBB (P4) with significance (P > 0.05) can reduce the number of parasites, levels of BUN and creatinine, reduce kidney damage, increases IFNγ and IL-12, and decreases MMP-9 expression. Mangosteen peel extract 200 mg/kgBW (P3) was proven as anti-toxoplasmosis in mice. Conclusion: This research is: ED 50% at a dose of 60 mg/kgBW. Mangosteen peel extract 200 mg/kgBW (P3) and 400 mg/kgBB (P4) with significance (P > 0.05) can reduce the number of parasites, levels of BUN and creatinine, reduce kidney damage, increases IFNγ and IL-12, and decreases MMP-9 expression. KEY WORDS: Anti-toxoplasmosis, Ethanol extract of mangosteen peel, Toxoplasma gondii

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