Riami, - and I Ketut Sudiana, - and Bambang Purwanto, - (2019) The effect of red betel leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) on blood sugar and insulin expression levels in rat (Rattus norvegicus domesticus) models of diabetes mellitus. Drug Invention Today, 11 (3). pp. 553-557. ISSN 0975-7619

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Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the effect of red betel leaf extract administration on blood sugar levels and insulin expression levels of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus domesticus) as diabetic mellitus models. Materials and Methods: The successful diabetes mellitus (DM) male rat (grouped into K2 and K3) was treated with red betel leaf extract (50 and 100 mg/kgBW/day, respectively) for 21 days and compared to DM control (K1) and normal control (K0). Observation was fasting blood sugar level (FBS) and insulin expression with immunohistochemical analysis. Results: All data were analyzed for variance homogeneity using Brown-Forsythe test and continued to Games-Howell test with significance value of 5%. Based on the results of the variance homogeneity test, the FBS value and insulin expression in pancreatic β-cells were not homogeneous. The result of Games-Howell tests showed that FBS of treatment groups (K1, K2, and K3) was higher than control (K0) (P < 0.005). The expression of insulin in pancreatic β-cells also showed difference significantly in all groups. Expression of insulin in DM rats treated with low red betel concentration was significantly higher than high concentration (50 and 100 mg/kgBW per day, respectively). Conclusion: Therefore, ethanol extract from red betel leaf can reduce FBS levels and increase insulin expression in diabetic rats.

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