Tri Adharia Sekarwati, - and Ninik Darsini, - and Dominicus Husada, - (2020) Risk Factors for Neonatal Asphyxia Occurrence at General Hospital Dr. M. Soewandhie, Surabaya. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 11 (4). pp. 867-871. ISSN 0976-5506

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Abstract

Abstract: Background: Neonatal mortality rates in Indonesia are still high at 15 per 1000 live births. Surabaya is one of the regions with the highest number of neonatal deaths in East Java. Neonatal asphyxia is the highest cause of neonatal death after preterm birth. Some factors that cause neonatal asphyxia include maternal factors, labor and fetal factors. This study aims to identify the risk factors that influence the incidence of neonatal asphyxia. Method: This medical-based study using a case-control approach used neonatal medical record data that was born in the period of January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018, in the General Hospital of dr. M. Soewandhie, Surabaya. Samples were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sampling was done by total sampling in the case group (93 neonates) and simple random sampling in the control group (93 neonates) and matching was done based on sex and birth month. Data analysis was performed by univariate, chi-square and fisher’s exact test and multivariate with multiple logistic regression. Results: Neonates with diagnosed neonatal asphyxia were born to mothers who had low education (63.4%) and did not work (68.8%). Risk factors that significantly increased the incidence of neonatal asphyxia were: non-spontaneous labor with OR=5.56 (95%CI: 2.50-12.34), preeclampsia with OR=2.52 (95%CI: 1.15- 5.54), meconium-stained amniotic fluid with OR=2.51 (95%CI: 1.17-5.38) and primiparous parity with OR=2.15 (95%CI: 1.06-4.39). Conclusion: Non-spontaneous labor, preeclampsia, meconium-stained amniotic fluid and primiparous parity affect the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.

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