Soraya Salle Pasulu, - and Trias Kusumasari, - and Mahendra Tri Arif Sampurna, - and Kartika Darma Handayani, - and Dina Angelika, - and Risa Etika, - and Martono Tri Utomo, - and Agus Harianto, - (2016) Cranial ultrasound screening in preterm infant and correlation with perinatal risk factors. Paediatrica Indonesiana: Indonesian Journal of Pediatrics and Perinatal Medicine, 56 (5). p. 36. ISSN 2338-4786

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Abstract

Background: Preterm birth is associated with variable degree of brain injury and medical complication. Cranial ultrasonography (cUS) is most widely used and routine procedure in NICU. Objective: To perform cranial ultrasound screening in preterm infant and determine risk factors of abnormal cUS. Methods: A cross-sectional study, in March to May 2016 of preterm infant in NICU Dr.Soetomo Hospital, using am3 ultrasound transportable machine with curved and linier tranducers, frequency of 5-10 MHz. Statistical analysis used chi-square and logistic regression multivariate analysis for risk factor of cUS abnormality. Results: One-hundred-twelve infants were enrolled, 57 (50.9%) were males, mean age was 3.1 (SD 3.03) days. Mean gestasional age of abnormal cUS were 30.1 (SD 2.75) weeks whereas in normal cUS were 32.1 (SD 1.93) weeks. Twenty three infant (20.5%) were abnormal cUS, consist of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) 16 (14.3%), three infants (2.7%) were periventricular leucomalacia, and four infants (3 .6%) were ventricular dilatation. The univariate analysis of birth. weight (OR 8.72, 95%CI 2.93 to 25.97), gestational age (OR 3.21 , 95%CI 1.09 to 9.42), asphyxia (OR 10.96, 95%CI 3.87 to 31.02), duration of oxygenation (OR 6.07, 95%CI 2.11 to 17.44), and resuscitation (OR 5.35, 95%CI 1.95 to 14.67) (P<0.05) predicted abnormal cUS. Multivariate analysis of birth weight and asphyxia was predicting abnormal cUS with AUC 84.5% (95%CI 75.1 to 93.8%). Conclusion: The most common cUS abnormality was IVH. Birth weight under 1500g and asphyxia are important risk factor of cUS abnormality in preterm infant.

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