Nyilo Purnami, - and Cintya Dipta, - and Mahrus A. Rahman, - (2018) CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN WITH SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS IN DR. SOETOMO HOSPITAL. Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana, 48 (1). pp. 11-17. ISSN 25983970

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Abstract

Background: Hearing loss is one of the congenital abnormalities frequently found in children, which is followed by delayed speech and language development. The majority of cases have unknown causes of hearing loss resulting in late diagnosis. Newborn Hearing Screening Program (NHSP) recommended Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) as detection of hearing loss in infants and children. Objective: To obtain the prevalence and description of sensorineural hearing loss in infants and children. Method: A retrospective descriptive study of infants underwent OAE and BERA between 2011-2013 at Dr Soetomo Hospital. The degree of hearing loss was according to the International Standard Organization (ISO). Result: A total number of 552 infant and children were examined, and 377 (68%) were detected with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). This group of SNHL consisted of 199 males (52.79%) and 178 females (47.21%). The largest age group was 12 to 36 months, revealed 237 patients (62.86%) with SNHL. The majority degree of hearing loss was profound hearing loss in 329 patients (87.27%). The risk factors of SNHL mostly were not found, in 310 patients (82.23%). The majority number of SNHL was bilateral, in 357 patients (94.69%). Conclusion: SNHL was found in majority of infant and children in the Audiology Clinic of Dr.Soetomo Hospital. The hearing loss found were mostly profound and bilateral, with unknown risk factors, which might contribute to speech and language developmental delay. This is relevance with the Universal NHSP recommendation that early detection should be implemented to all newborn.

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