Tamara Yuanita, - and Nawira, - and Amanda Diah Prameswari H, - and Ari Subiyanto, - and Sukaton, - and Anuj Bhardwaj, - Cytotoxicity Test of Cacao Pod Extract (Theobroma Cacao. L) in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast Cells (HPdLF) as Root Canal Irrigation Material. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research.

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Abstract

One of the requirements for material as root canal irrigants is having low toxicity level since irrigation solution have the possibility of extruding into periapical tissue. Ligament periodontal cells are the major cells that play a role when reaction occur in periapical tissues due to endodontic materials. Fibroblast cells are also known as cells that first react when irrigation solution extruded to periradicular. Cacao pod peel extract, on the other hand, is known to have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory characteristic so that it can be used as an alternative irrigation solution derived from natural ingredients. Nevertheless, every new material must go through biocompatibility test first before it is applied to humans and made into a patent product. This research aims to analyzed the toxicity of cacao pod peel extract (Theobroma Cacao L.) on human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPdLF) cells. Primary cell cultures of periodontal ligament fibroblast were prepared from extracted premolar teeth for orthodontic treatment reason. They were exposed to 10 groups of concentrations of cacao pod peel extract range from 3000 µg/ml to 5,8593 µg/ml and tested for toxicity using MTT Assay, followed by ELISA Reader. Cacao pod peel extract at ≥ 750 µg/ml causes the death of > 50% cells, so it cannot be used as a root canal irrigant solution because it is toxic

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