Khairul Bariyah, Khairul and Budi Utomo, Budi and Sri Subekti, Sri and Florentina Sustini, Florentina and Juniastuti, Juniastuti and Fathmawati, Fathmawati and Heny Arwati, Heny (2021) Characteristics Environmental and Anopheles Larva Species In High And Low Clinical Malaria Cases In The Landak District of West Kalimantan Province. Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease (IJTID), 9 (3). ISSN pISSN 2085-1103 - eISSN 2356-0991

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Abstract

Malaria remains a health problem in Indonesia. West Kalimantan is a malaria endemic area with high and low incidence. Landak District is one of the malaria endemic area. Malaria cases were found in the areas around illegal gold mining and oil palm plantations. The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of the breeding sites and species of Anopheles larvae found in high malaria cases area, namely Amboyo Utara Village and low clinical malaria cases, area namely Mandor Village. This research is a descriptive research with cross sectional design. The samples were Anopheles larvae collected with Accidental sampling technique in the breeding sites. Environmental characterization of breeding sites were physical characteristic including water temperature and sun exposure, chemical characteristic including water pH and salinity, and biological characteristics including water biota. The results of this study ware environmental characteristics that have the potential to breed Anopheles mosquitoes in Amboyo Utara Village, including water temperature 26-30C, shandy, water pH 5.0-7.6, salinity 0.2-1.0 ppt, biotas water hyacinth, grass and tadpole. The Mandor village, water temperature 29-30 ºC, shandy, pH of 6.9-8.0, salinity of 0.5 ppt, water biota grass. Anopheles species found in Amboyo Utara village were larvae of An. vagus (94.30%), An. tessellatus (3.42%), An. subpictus (1.62%), An. indefinitus (0.81%) and An. maculatus (0.81%). Characteristics of breeding sites in Mandor village were larvae of An. maculatus (11.11%), An. subpictus (3.70%), and An. vagus (85.18%). The conclusion of this study was that di erent species found at breeding sites with di erent environmental characteristics in both high and low malaria areas in Landak District, West Kalimantan Province.

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