Rentha Monica Simamora, Rentha and Muhammad Vitanata Arfijanto, - and Musofa Rusli, - and Budi Utomo, Budi and Cennikon Pakpahan, - and Garry Prasetyo Adi, Garry (2021) Clinical Signs and Laboratory Parameters as Predictors of Mortality among Hospitalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adult Patients at Tertiary Hospital in Surabaya. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 25 (95(B)). pp. 1388-1394. ISSN 1857-9655

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The morbidity and mortality rates due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are still high despite various and advanced efforts in the management given for HIV/AIDS patients. AIM: This study proposed that clinical signs and laboratory parameters could be expected to predict the patient’s mortality. METHODS: This retrospective study was done by collecting 408 medical records of adult HIV/AIDS inpatients at a tertiary hospital in Surabaya from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Bivariate analysis using Chi-square test was carried out on nine variables, which were Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2 <400 mmHg, elevated liver enzymes, hemoglobin levels <10 mg/dl, platelet count <150,000/mm, albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl, and body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m, eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m. Variables which met the criteria would be included in the multivariate analysis using logistic regression. RESULTS: Based on bivariate analysis, mortality was found to be significantly associated with GCS <15, hypotension, PaO2/FiO2, elevated liver enzymes, platelet count <100,000 mm, albumin levels <3.5 mgdl, and BMI <18.5 kg/m, eGFR <60 ml/1.73kg/m. However, based on multivariate analysis, there were five variables which were found to be able to independently predict the patients’ mortality, those were GCS <15 (OR 11.625), hypotension (OR 6.062), PaO2 /FiO2 < 400 mmHg (OR 7.794), eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m (OR 2.646), and albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl (OR 4.091). CONCLUSION: GCS <15, hypotension, PaO2 /FiO2 <400 mmHg, eGFR <60 ml/1.73g/m , and albumin levels <3.5 mg/dl were found as the independent risk factors which could predict the hospitalized HIV/AIDS patients’ mortality.

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