Handayani and Salim, Hotimah Masdan and Mustika, Arifa and Ramadhana, Ain Darojah Siddiq and Ekayanti, Retno Diah Putri (2026) DOSE DEPENDENT IMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF THE HERBAL COMBINATION SAMBILOTO-GINGER-TURMERIC (SIJAKUN): AN IN VIVO STUDY ON WISTAR RATS. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 18 (2). 282 - 286.

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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Sijakun at different doses on key inflammatory parameters-Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), macrophage count, TNF-α, and IL-6-in an LPS-induced inflammatory model. Methods: An experimental study was conducted using animal subjects randomly allocated into five groups: negative control, LPS-induced positive control, and three treatment groups receiving Sijakun at graded doses. Inflammatory markers were assessed post-intervention. Data were analyzed using ANOVA for normally distributed parameters and Kruskal�Wallis for non-normal data, followed by appropriate post hoc tests. Results: Sijakun administration significantly influenced all measured parameters (p<0.05). The highest dose (500 mg/kg BW) most effectively reduced NLR, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, bringing them close to baseline control values. In contrast, the medium dose (250 mg/kg BW) optimally increased macrophage count, indicating enhanced innate immune response. Conclusion: Sijakun exerts significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in a dose-dependent manner. A high dose (500 mg/kg BW) is most effective in suppressing systemic and cytokine-mediated inflammation, while a medium dose (250 mg/kg BW) best enhances macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. These findings support the potential of Sijakun as a complementary herbal agent for modulating LPS-induced inflammatory responses. © 2026 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd.

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