Indrawati, Dwi Wahyu and Setiawatie, Ernie Maduratna and Rahayu, Retno Pudji and Ridwan, Rini Devijanti and Budi, Hendrik Setia and Pramono, Coen and Narmada, Ida Bagus and Yuliati, Anita and Rianti, Devi and Notobroto, Hari Basuki and Manurung, Rizky Briliant Syah and Riyadi, Vania Surya (2026) Development of a hyaluronic acid â - bovine pericardium composite membrane for biocompatible biomedical use. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 25 (4). 445 - 452.

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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of different molecular weights and concentrations of bovine pericardium membranes (BPM)-hyaluronic acid (HA) complex on Baby Hamster Kidney-21 (BHK-21) cells' viability and cytotoxicity. Methods: Bovine pericardium membranes-HA complex were divided into seven groups, namely Group A (1300 kDa HA, 0.5 ), Group B (1300 kDa HA, 1.0 ), Group C (1300 kDa HA, 2.0 ), Group D (120 kDa HA, 0.5 ), Group E (120 kDa HA, 1.0 ), Group F (120 kDa HA, 2.0 ), and Group G (unmodified BPM). Baby hamster kidney fibroblast cells (BHK-21 cells) were exposed for 24 h. Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay), and cytotoxicity was observed morphologically. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The 1.0 1300 kDa HA group achieved the highest cell viability (96.70 ), which was significantly higher compared to other treatment groups (p < 0.000). Both molecular weights peaked at 1.0 with slight decreases at 2.0 , indicating a threshold effect. The unmodified bovine pericardium membrane had the lowest viability (82.84 ), with significant differences (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Incorporating 1.0 high-molecular-weight BPM-HA enhances the biocompatibility of bovine pericardium membranes, supporting application in regenerative biomaterials. © 2026 The authors.

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