MIKHAEL AKBAR RIZKY SIAGIAN, - (2022) Profil Klinis dan Laboratoris Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 yang Mengalami Ketoasidosis Diabetik di RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya Periode Maret 2020 – Maret 2021. Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious and chronic condition. The prevalence of DM is expected to continue to increase. About 90% of DM cases in the world are included in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is often not diagnosed at an early stage that increasing the risk of complications. One of the most life-threatening complications in DM patients is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA generally occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but it has proven that DKA can also occur in patients with T2DM, even with a high prevalence. The main factor that triggers DKA is infection. Method: This research is a descriptive analytics research with a cross sectional study. This research used secondary data derived from the medical records of T2DM patients with DKA at RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya period March 2020 – March 2021 with the total sampling method. There were 110 T2DM patients with DKA at RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya period March 2020 – March 2021 who met the inclusion criteria of this research. The variables of this research include: the distribution of cases consisting of age, gender, and precipitating factors; clinical profile consisting of the main complaint and the result of vital signs examination; laboratory profile consisting of the result of blood glucose examination, leukocyte count, urinary ketones test, and blood gas analysis examination; and the outcome of T2DM patients with DKA at RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya period March 2020 – March 2021. Result: This research succeeded in finding that: 59,1% of the patients were female consisting of 40,9% patients with infection and 18,2% patients without infection; 69,1% of the patients were >50 years old consisting of 49,1% patients with infection and 20% patients without infection; 70,9% of the patients with infection; the most common main complain was shortness of breath experienced by 39,1% patients with infection and 10,9% patients without infection; the examination of vital signs showed that the average of temperature was 36,8 in patients with infection and 36,6 in patients without infection, the average of respiratory rate was 24,44 in patients with infection and 23,5 in patients without infection, the average of heart rate was 102,9 in patients with infection and 97,6 in patients without infection, the average of systolic blood pressure was 139,14 in patients with infection and 147,6 in patients without infection, the average of diastolic blood pressure was 79,5 in patients with infection and 83,3 in patients without infection; 40,9% patients with infection and 12,7% patients without infection had blood glucose level ?200; 51,8% patients with infection and 16,4% patients without infection had leukocyte level >11; 52,7% patients with infection and 21,8% patients without infection had negative urinary ketones; the examination of blood gas analysis showed that the average of pH was 7,27 in patients with infection and 7,23 in patients without infection, the average of pCO2 was 24,56 in patients with infection and 25,56 in patients without infection; the average of pO2 was 118,7 in patients with infection and 132,13 in patients without infection, the average of HCO3- was 11,87 in patients with infection and 11,53 in patients without infection, the average of TCO2 was 12,43 both in patients with infection and patients without infection, the average of BEecf was -14,3 in patients with infection and -16,04 in patients without infection, the average of SpO2 was 94,3% in patients with infection and 97,07% in patients without infection, the average of AaDO2 was 69,59 in patients with infection and 42,59 in patients without infection; 29,1% patients with infection and 21,8% patients without infection did not decease.

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