Angelin, Melinda and Zulaikhah, Siti Thomas and Subchan, Prasetyowati and Khairullah, Aswin Rafif and Effendi, Mustofa Helmi and Hestianah, Eka Pramyrtha and Angelin, Melda and Budiastuti, Budiastuti and Permatasari, Dian Ayu and Pratama, Bima Putra and Rehman, Saifur and Ganisia, Ainun (2026) Protective effect of young coconut water on MMP-1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light exposure. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (3). 1868 - 1876. ISSN 22264485

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Abstract

Background: Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) light plays a key role in photoaging by increasing oxidative stress, activating inflammatory pathways, and increasing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), which causes dermal collagen degradation. Young coconut water contains various bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity that can protect the skin from UVB-induced damage. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the effect of the oral administration of young coconut water on MMP-1 levels and collagen fiber thickness in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB light. Methods: A purely experimental study with a post-test only control group design was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: healthy controls (K1), UVB exposure (K2), UVB + young coconut water 4 ml/200 g BW/ day (K3), and UVB + young coconut water 8 ml/200 g BW/day (K4). UVB exposure was administered for 15 days at a cumulative dose of 800 mJ/cm². MMP-1 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, while collagen fiber thickness was analyzed using Massonâs Trichrome staining. Results: UVB exposure significantly increased MMP-1 levels and decreased collagen fiber thickness (p = 0.001). Oral administration of young coconut water significantly reduced MMP-1 levels and increased collagen fiber thickness compared with the untreated UVB group, with the most optimal effect at a dose of 4 ml/200 g body weight/day. Conclusion: Young coconut water has potential as a natural antioxidant agent that can inhibit the increase in MMP-1 and maintain collagen fiber thickness in the skin caused by UVB exposure, thus potentially being used in the prevention of photoaging. © 2026, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli. All rights reserved.

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