KONITA INSIYANA SETYANI, 101011307 (2012) PERBEDAAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DAN STATUS ANEMIA PADA VEGETARIAN DAN NONVEGETARIAN. Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Gaya hidup modern yang tidak sehat dapat mengakibatkan tingkat kesehatan manusia menurun. Salah satu cara yang dapat ditempuh untuk hidup sehat tanpa meninggalkan dunia modern adalah dengan menerapkan pola makan vegetarian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari apakah ada perbedaan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan status anemia pada vegetarian dan nonvegetarian. Desain penelitian cross sectional, rancang bangun observasional komparasi. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling terhadap 80 orang vegetarian dan 80 orang nonvegetarian. Data primer berupa karakteristik responden diperoleh melalui kuesioner, IMT diperoleh dari pengukuran berat badan menggunakan bathroom scale dan pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoise, kadar Hb diperoleh melalui pengambilan sampel darah menggunakan alat uji Hb digital, pola konsumsi diperoleh melalui food frequency questionnaire, tingkat konsumsi diperoleh melalui food recall 2x24 hours. Data tersebut diolah dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan tabulasi silang, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistic independent t-test dan uji chi-square. Data sekunder berupa gambaran umum lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden berumur 18-40 tahun, jenis kelamin terbanyak responden vegetarian adalah laki-laki dan jenis kelamin terbanyak responden nonvegetarian adalah perempuan. Sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pendidikan tamat SMA,bekerja sebagai karyawan swasta dan memiliki pendapatan di atas UMR Kota Surabaya tahun 2012. Karakteristik responden yang sama adalah jenis kelamin (p = 1,000) dan pendapatan (p = 0,608), yang tidak sama adalah umur (p = 0,000), pendidikan (p = 0,000), dan pekerjaan (p = 0,000). Asupan zat gizi responden yang sama adalah energy (p = 0,413), karbohidrat (0,421), dan protein (0,354), yang tidak sama adalah lemak (p = 0,021) dan zat besi (p = 0,000). IMT responden tergolong normal, yaitu 18,50 – 24,99. Nilai rata-rata kadar Hb responden vegetarian sebesar 13,84 g/dl, responden nonvegetarian sebesar 13,30 g/dl dan prevalensi anemia masing-masing responden sebesar 13,75% dan 15%. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan IMT responden vegetarian dan nonvegetarian (p = 0,183). Tetapi ada perbedaan kadar Hb responden vegetarian dan nonvegetarian (p = 0,023). Translation: Modern unhealthy lifestyle can decreasing human health. One way that can be taken to live a healthy life without leaving the modern world is to adopt a vegetarian diet. This research was conducted to study whether there are differences in Body Mass Index (BMI) and anemia status in vegetarian and nonvegetarian. It is a cross-sectional research with comparative observational design. Study sample was 80 vegetarian and 80 nonvegetarian peoples, selected using a purposive method. Primary data be obtained by using a structured questionnaire are respondent characteristics, BMI measurements obtained using a bathroom scale weight and height measurements using microtoise, Hb obtained by blood sampling using test equipment digital Hb, consumption patterns obtained by food frequency questionnaire, the level of consumption is obtained through 2x24 hour food recall. The data is processed and presented in the form of frequency distributions and cross-tabulations, and then analyzed using a statistical test of independent t-test and chi-square test. Secondary data in the form of an overview of the study sites. The results showed that majority of respondents aged 18-40 years, sex most respondents were male vegetarian and nonvegetarian sex most respondents were women. Most respondents had completed high school education level, working as private sector employees and have incomes above the Regional Minimum Salary Surabaya in 2012. There is no significant difference between vegetarian and non vegetarian on gender (p = 1.000) and income (p = 0.608), and there is a significant difference on age (p = 0.000), education level (p = 0.000), and employment (p = 0.000). There is no significant difference between vegetarian and non vegetarian on energy intake (p = 0.413), carbohydrate intake (0.421), and protein intake (0.354), but there is a significant difference on fat intake (p = 0.021) and iron intake (p = 0.000). BMI respondents classified as normal, which from 18.50 to 24.99. The average value of vegetarian Hb 13.84 g / dl, nonvegetarian of 13.30 g / dl and the prevalence of anemia each respondent by 13.75% and 15%. There is no significant difference between vegetarian and non vegetarian on BMI (p = 0.183), but there is a significant differences on Hb level (p = 0.023).

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