KINO ADI SUGIARTO, 100710054 (2011) HUBUNGAN KEBERADAAN JENTIK NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI BERDASAR PERILAKU PSN-DBD MASYARAKAT DI DAERAH ENDEMIS DAN NON ENDEMIS : Studi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Perak Kabupaten Jombang. Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Currently the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Jombang District have declined, but the free larvae index still do not qualify > 95%. Eradication of mosquito breeding has been done with various efforts are still not able to show satisfactory results. It is feared could increase again the incidence of dengue hemorragic fever, given the number of endemic areas are very much in Jombang District. This research is conducted to determine the relationship between community behavior toward the eradication of mosquitoes nest in the presence of larvae in endemic and non endemic areas of dengue hemorrhagic fever. This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. The population in this study were 147 householders in Perak Sub-district, Jombang. Sample sizes were 55 householders living in endemic area and 92 householders in non endemic area. Samples were taken from the population by simple random sampling. The variables studied were the presence of mosquito larvae as the dependent variable, behavior (knowledge, attitudes, actions) as independent variables. Analyses were performed using the chi square test. The results showed that free larvae index in endemic area was 40%, in non endemic area was 76.1%. In endemic area was obtained relationship between the presence of mosquito larvae with knowledge (p=0,003;Cc=0,464) and attitude (p=0,002;Cc=0,467). However, no relationship with the action (p=0,006). As for the non endemic area showed relationship between the presence of mosquito larvae with the action (p=0,004;Cc=0,350), whereas knowledge (p=0,657) and attitude (p=0,911) showed no relationship. Actions performed in non endemic area was associated with a low presence of mosquito larvae was the breeding of fish. Based on the study revealed the existence of different factors on the presence of larvae between endemic and non endemic area. Breeding the fish in the water storage in non endemic area is shown to be associated with a low presence of larvae. Therefore, breeding of fish in the water storage need to be encouraged in endemic area and in non endemic area should be maintained. Translation: Saat ini angka kejadian penyakit demam berdarah dengue di Kabupaten Jombang telah menurun, namun angka bebas jentik nyamuk masih belum memenuhi syarat >95%. Pemberantasan sarang nyamuk yang telah dilakukan dengan berbagai upaya masih belum dapat menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskan. Hal ini dikhawatirkan dapat meningkatkan kembali angka kejadian demam berdarah dengue, mengingat jumlah daerah endemis yang cukup banyak di Kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku masyarakat terhadap pemberantasan sarang nyamuk dengan keberadaan jentik di daerah endemis dan non endemis demam berdarah dengue. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 147 kepala keluarga di Kecamatan Perak, Jombang. Besar sampel adalah 55 kepala keluarga di daerah endemis dan 92 kepala keluarga di daerah non endemis. Sampel diambil dari populasi dengan cara simple random sampling. Variabel yang diteliti adalah keberadaan jentik nyamuk sebagai variabel dependen dan perilaku (pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan) sebagai variabel independen. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka bebas jentik di daerah endemis 40%, di daerah non endemis 76,1%. Pada daerah endemis diperoleh ada hubungan antara keberadaan jentik nyamuk dengan pengetahuan (p=0,003;Cc=0,464) dan sikap terhadap PSN (p=0,002;Cc=0,467). Namun, tidak ada hubungan dengan tindakan (p=0,006). Sedangkan untuk daerah non endemis menunjukkan ada hubungan antara keberadaan jentik nyamuk dengan tindakan (p=0,004;Cc=0,350), sedangkan pengetahuan (p=0,657) dan sikap (p=0,911) tidak menunjukkan hubungan. Tindakan yang dilakukan di daerah non endemis yang terkait dengan keberadaan jentik nyamuk yang rendah adalah pemeliharaan ikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui adanya faktor yang berbeda mengenai keberadaan jentik antara daerah endemis dan non endemis. Tindakan pemeliharaan ikan pada penampungan air di daerah non endemis terbukti berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik yang rendah di daerah non endemis. Oleh karena itu, pemeliharaan ikan pada tempat penampungan air perlu digalakkan di daerah endemis dan di daerah non endemis perlu terus dipertahankan.

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