VINA SALVIANA DARVINA SOEDARWO, 090515724 D (2010) MAKNA IDEOLOGI POLITIK ALIRAN DAN IDEOLOGI PATRIARKHI BAGI POLITISI PEREMPUAN DI MALANG RAYA (Suatu Studi Interaksionisme Interpretatif Tentang Posisi Politisi Perempuan Di Persimpangan Jalan Antara Liyan dan Subyek). Disertasi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

This present study is intended to understand whether the subject (self) and liyan (other) of woman politicians life, especially when an ideology as a cultural system in Java, gives a contribution to the stock of the existence of women politicians. The study is also intended to examine the thesis proposed by Geertz dealing with the political ideology aliran in Java and that of Beauvoir concerning with the existence of women as liyan (other) instead of subject (self). Therefore, this study tries to understand and to ask the following research problem: “Is it true that a political ideology aliran and patriarchal ideology place women politicians (at the local level) as liyan (other) rather than subject (self)? The research is conducted in three neighboring areas namely Malang City, Malang Regency and Batu City which are usually called Malang Raya. This locations was chosen based on the data on the 2004 general election of legislative members showing that the quantity of woman politicians as legislative members is far from expectation. This objective of this study is to (a) judge, correct and complete a thesis Geertz proposed on ‘Ideology as a Cultural System’; (b) explore and describe the subjects’ understanding (women politician at local level) to subject (self) in the stock of a political ideology aliran and patriarchal ideology and (c) identify various complexities and social processes that place women politicians as liyan. Some main concepts applied in this research are Clifford Geertz’s aliran political ideology, patriarchal ideology, and feminist existentialists view by Simone de Beauvoir about liyan (other) and subject (self). This research uses Paul Ricoeur’s interpretation theory (hermeneutic) of ideology and Mead - Blummer ‘s symbolic interaction theory. In the present study an interpretive interactionism namely a mode of critical qualitative research is employed. It is a study of meaning of the world of life experiences of “readers’ (woman politicians). The subjects are 7 women politicians, from PDIP, PKS, PPP, PAN, Partai Golkar, PKB and Partai Demokrat, respectively. The findings showed that the existence of women politicians not fully become liyan (other) but goes towards subject (self). Their existence, whether as liyan or subject, is influenced by a social contexts in which she lives. The research results revises thesis proposed by Geertz in his research stating that aliran politic in Java (1950s) was so strong. In this study, political ideology aliran whether abangan, santri and priyayi has been declining especially during post-reformation era. A growing political ideology is even oriented towards the fulfillment of people’s real needs or in other words, it may be called as a rational based orientation. The results also revises of thesis by Beauvoir that a legal, political, economic and socio-cultural situation hinders women and that women let themselves be tied and hindered by the situation. In this present research it is not the case, since based on the findings, women have been trying to go out from this situation, meaning that the continuation of liyan is not accepted as it is by women. So, in this reformation era, a political ideology aliran in Java is not as strong as Geertz described, except if the cadrerization is strongly made in political parties. The findings also suggest that the existence of women as politician has shifted, not as liyan as a whole since women have been trying to stay away from the domination of partiarchal ideology .

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