MIGRASI INTERNASIONAL DAN REMITTANCE : Studi tentang Pemanfaatan Remittance di Kalangan Keluaga Eks-TKI di Desa Tanjung, Kecamatan Kalidawir, Kabupaten Tulungagung.

SITI MAS'UDAH, 090415431 M (2006) MIGRASI INTERNASIONAL DAN REMITTANCE : Studi tentang Pemanfaatan Remittance di Kalangan Keluaga Eks-TKI di Desa Tanjung, Kecamatan Kalidawir, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Thesis thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Migrasi internasional secara sosiologis terjadi karena meningkatnya populasi jumlah penduduk yang tidak diimbangi dengan terbukanya peluang kerja, sehingga menyebabkan banyaknya angkatan kerja produktif yang tidak mempunyai pekerjaan (unemployment). Meningkatnya jumlah angkatan kerja di satu sisi dan menyempitnya peluang kerja di sisi lain secara bersamaan merupakan salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan orang melakukan migrasi. Dalam hal ini, faktor ekonomi dapat dikatakan sebagai salah satu faktor terjadinya migrasi. Permasalahan di seputar Tenaga Kerja Indonesia(TKI) yang sangat kompleks merupakan sesuatu yang menarik untuk diteliti. Pengiriman TKI ke luar negeri membawa dampak positif dan negatif bagi masyarakat TKI di daerah asal. Penelitian ini ingin melihat: (1) bagaimana pola pemanfaatan remittance di kalangan keluarga eks-TKI, (2) faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan remittance dan (3) ada tidaknya pertentangan antara eks-TKI dengan keluarganya di daerah asal berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan remittance tersebut. Untuk keperluan ini, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Tanjung, Kecamatan Kalidawir, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Populasinya yaitu seluruh keluarga eks-migran di daerah asal. Teknik pengambilan sampelnya menggunakan Availability Sampling. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tabel frekuensi dan tabel silang. Selain itu jugs menggunakan indepth interview untuk memperdalam analisis data. Berdasarkan temuan data di lapangan, ternyata pemanfaatan remittance di kalangan keluarga eks-TKI Iebih banyak digunakan untuk pola konsumtif. Data menunjukkan bahwa faktor keluarga sangat berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan remittance di daerah asal. Peran pasangan, baik suami atau pun istri cukup besar. Hal ini karena uang hasil kerja selama TKI di luar negeri dikirimkan kepada pasangannya yaitu istri/suami. Meskipun demikian, ada pula orangtua dan saudara yang ikut menentukani pemanfaatan remittance tersebut. Selain faktor keluarga, sebagian besar keluarga memanfaatkan remittance berhubungan dengan faktor Iingkungan. Yang dimaksud dengan faktor Iingkungan disini yaitu adanya pengaruh dari teman atau tetangga disekitarnya. Artinya, dalam memanfaatkan remittance, ada faktor ikut-ikutan atau mengikuti perilaku dan kebisaan warga sekitarnya. Terlebih lagi, faktor gengsi memiliki pengaruh yang cukup besar. Keinginan mereka untuk berubah status sosial dalam masyarakat turut mempengaruhi pemanfaatan remittance di daerah asal. Data menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden mengaku tidak ada pertentangan antara eks-TKI dengan keluarga dalam pemanfaatan remittance di daerah asal. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya kesepakatan dan kuatnya hubungan kekeluargaan serta kepercayaan antara eks-TKI dengan keluarga. Translation: International migration is sociologically happened because of the growth of citizen population which is not balance with the growth of job opportunities. This causes the growth of unemployment of the productive employee force. The growth of the employee force in one side and the narrowness of job opportunities in the other side is one of the causes of people migration. In this case, the economy factor can cause the people migration. This problem of Indonesian labor which is very complex is interesting to be studied. The sending of Indonesian labor abroad causes negative and positive impacts towards their family in their origin areas. This study wants to know (1) how the pattern of remittance use among the family of former Indonesian labour is; (2) the factors which are related with the remittance use; (3) whether there are any opposition between the former Indonesian labor with their families in their origin area related to the remittance use. To occupy this purposes, the researcher use the descriptive quantitative approach. This area studies was Tanjung Village, Kalidawir, Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. The population were all former Indonesian labor's family in their origin area. The sampling was collected using availability sampling. The primary data were from direct interview. The data analysis were done by frequencies and crosstabs table. Furthermore to deepen the data analysis, indepth interview was also done. Based on the research findings, was largely used in consumptive pattern by the former Indonesian labor's family in their origin area. The data showed that the families are very connected with the remittance use in their origin area. This is because the money earned during their work abroad were sent to their spouse, husband/wife. But there were also parents and relatives that also interfere with the remittance use decision. Beside the family factor, the environment factor is also related to the remittance use by the family. The environment factor here come from friends' influence, imitating factors or following other's habits and behaviors. More over, the prestige factors of having some "influence" is pretty dominant. Their efforts to change their social status in the society also influence the remittance use in their origin area. The data show that most of the respondents admitted that there is no opposition between the former Indonesian labor with their family about the remittance use in their origin area. This is caused by the absence of legal deals and the existence of strong family relationship and trust between the former Indonesian labor with their family.

Item Type: Thesis (Thesis)
Additional Information: KKB KK-2 TS.04/07 Mas m
Uncontrolled Keywords: Remittance;Familly of labor migration
Subjects: J Political Science > JV Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration
Divisions: 09. Sekolah Pasca Sarjana > Ilmu ilmu Sosial
Creators:
CreatorsNIM
SITI MAS'UDAH, 090415431 MUNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
ContributionNameNIDN / NIDK
Thesis advisorHERWANTO, Drs., AM., MAUNSPECIFIED
Thesis advisorDODDY S. SINGGIH, Drs., MS.UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User: Nn Luluk Lusiana
Date Deposited: 2016
Last Modified: 07 Jun 2017 20:48
URI: http://repository.unair.ac.id/id/eprint/36276
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