Tri Ratnaningsih (2008) PERBEDAAN ATEROSIS PLASENTA ANTARA PREEKLAMPSIA RINGAN DAN PREEKLAMPSIA BERAT DI RUANG BERSALIN BADAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN RUMAH SAKIT. Thesis thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Preeclampsia one factor of the increased morbidity and mortality in mothers and perinatal. However, until recently the causes of preeclampsia remains unclear. The objective of this study was to prove the difference of placental atherosis between mild and severe preeclampsia. This was an analvtic observational study with one-time observation (cross-sectional design). In this study, from the population of pregnant mothers who met the inclusion criteria and had no factors presented in the exclusion criteria, those with mild and severe preeclampsia were selected. During delivery the placenta was removed and subjected to histopathological examination to find the presence of atherosis. The study was conducted at Delivery Wards, BAPELKES, Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Mojokerto, from March to July 2008. Population comprised mothers who had severe pre-eclampsia complicated pregnancy with pregnancy age of more than 20 weeks, and the mothers who had mild pre-eclampsia complicated pregnancy with pregnancy age also of more than 20 weeks. Samples were taken using consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test to compare placental atherosis count in severe and mild preeclampsia with significance level of 95% (p < 0.05). The result of this study revealed that, based on Mann-Whitney test, there was difference in fetal layer placental atherosis between mild and severe preeclampsia, with a p value of 0.003, indicating that fetal placental atherosis count in mild preeclampsia was lower than that in severe preeclampsia. Using t test, it was found that the difference of middle-layer placental atherosis in mild and severe preeclampsia had p = 0.035, indicating that placental atherosis count in the middle-layer in mild preeclampsia was lower than that in severe preeclampsia. T test also showed that the difference in maternal layer placental atherosis in mild and severe preeclampsia had p = 0.005, indicating that placental atherosis count in maternal side in mild preeclampsia was lower than that in severe preeclampsia. Total placental atherosis count showed p = 0.001, proving that there was significant difference between placental atherosis count in mild and severe preeclampsia. Acute atherosis in placenta is a typical symptom found in the fetus of a mother who is suffering from preeclampsia. Such condition has been suspected as affecting the occurrence of placental insufficiency. This study can be followed-up using cohort prospective design by involving larger sample to investigate causal relationship between atherosis and various complications resulting from preeclampsia.

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