AZHAM PURWANDHONO, NIM011041017 (2012) PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH PARE (Momordicacharantia) MENGHAMBAT KETEBALAN TUNIKA INTIMA-MEDIA, JUMLAH SEL BUSA DAN EKSPRESI VCAM-1 PADA ARTERI CAROTIS COMMUNIS Rattus novergicus YANG DI INDUKSI DIET ATEROGENIK. Thesis thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

COrollary heart disease is an inlponan! health problem. There are "fJproximatcly 2 million deaths occur each year in Europe a< a result of coronary heart disease (George and Lyon. 2010). Sensus nasional 20(11 showed that 26.40/0 of death, caused by card iovascular di.,ease (Anis. 20(6). ">l'ercholesteroicmia is • major risk factor in thc development of atherosclerosis. High plasma LDL eholcs!erol le,'d, h .. a close relationship to the incidene<: of a1herosderosis (K.lZung. 1997). The oxidized LDL is cylotoxic and induces endothelial d>~function which is initiate lhe deve lopment of .theroBiner melon (Morrordica cilariIDlia) i, used commonly on community either as food or medicine. Biner melon eondants substances that could increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD. eatala.e. glutat hio,," peroxidase. They play. role in detoxifying free radicals (Sathishsckar & Subramanian. 20(5), Through this antioxidant effc<:t. it is sugb",sted that bitter melon inhibits the inflammation process on atherosdcrosis. Howewr. the mechanism ofbiner melon on endothelial dysfunction remains unclear. The aim of this ,tudy is to find out the mcchanism of bit"" mdon extract in inhibiting the cndothdial dysfunction hy meanumher of foam cells and VCAM- I expression on endothelial cell' in the common carotid aMery. This study conducted based on post test only control group design, Twenty th'e male wistar rat, (Ra/tusnDf'l.llll{liru~ divided into five .roul'-'- Each !;II)up was given in different treatment. consist of normal diet group (negative control). atherogenic diet group (positi'e control). atherogenic diet + bitter melon extract 250 mglkglday group (PI). atherogenic diet + biner melon extract 500mgikg/day (P2). atherogenic diet + biner melon extract 1000 mglkg/day (PJ). The duration of study was 6(1 days. COmD"K>D carotid ar1ery is not fouoo in 1'3·3 aoo 1'3-4 group at the time of tissue aoo slide processing. Intima·media thickn ... was mea,ured by a micrometer. the number of foam cell, waS observed by Hacma!O~ ylin Eosin (HE) staining aoo tt.:: expression of VCAM_1 was observed by immunohi;;tochemical staining. Analysis to prove experiment hYl'othesis wa., one_way ANOV A 1e.'t and post hoc tu"cy. The result .hOWN that (1) there is a significant increase in int ima_mNia thickness in the atherogenic diet gnmp compared with the nonoal diet group (p=O.oool). (2) the,.., is a r«iuClion in intima_media thickness in the atherogenic diet group plus biller melon exlract group compared with atherogenic diet group. Significant decrease oceurred in 1'3 group (p=O.OO5). (3) there is no foam cells in all the control and treatment groups. (4) there is a signifi<:ant innease in the number of VCAM-I expression in thc atherogcnic diet group compared with normal diet group (p=O.ooo I). (5) there is a dcrrcase in Ihe number of VeAM_ I expression in Ihe atherogenic diet plus biner melon extract group compared with atocrogcnie dict group, Significant dc,rca$(; occurrcd in 1'3 group (p-(),020), It wilh alherogenic diet can inhibit intima-media thiekne .. of tho common carotid anc'Ty. (2) administration of bitter melon eX!nlCtlOgcthcr wilh atherogenic diet can inhibit Ihc numlxr of VCAM·I c.'pression on cooolchdi.1 cel ls in common carotid ar1cry. (3) The optimal dose of biller melon extract is 1000 mglk.glday .

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