ARIS WIJI UTAMI, 090810155 (2010) FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN PENULARAN DIFTERI DI KOTA BLITAR PROPINSI JAWA TIMUR. Thesis thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

In East Java trend of diphtheria cases from year to year, always increase. 5 cases In 2003 , 15 cases in 2004 , 51 case in 2005 , 44 cases in 2006, 86 cases in 2007 , 78 cases in 2008 , and 2009 140 cases . Geographically also the transmition distribution from year to year. For each case contact are always carried out . From the results of contacts, the highest positive rate in 2009 occurred in the town of Blitar City , equal to 23.7%. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of risk factors for transmission of diphtheria in the Blitar City those are diphtheria immunization status, age, level of knowledge, education level, nutritional status, closeness of contact, place density, humidity of the room, natural lighting of the room, natural ventilation of the room, air conditioner, Universal Child Immunization (DPT3), and the quality of the vaccine cold chain. The design of the research study is case control. Subjects were all positive and negative contact cases based on the laboratory results periode Januari 2009 to December 2009 from Dinas Kesehatan Kota Blitar. Determination of the sample is by simple random sampling. Sample size for the case is 46 individuals and 46 for control. Data collected through interviews with individuals who underwent the examination to obtain the characteristics and the environment. Secondary data collected from Dinas Kesehatan Kota Blitar and Puskesmas. Bivariat analyisi results shows the influence of risk factors of the transmission of diphtheria in Kota Blitar is the immunization status (OR = 3.9, p = 0.015), age (OR = 5.08, p = 0008), knowledge level (OR = 11.455 p = 0.000) , closeness of contact (OR = 6.6, p = 0.000), humidity of the room (OR = 4.5, p = 0.029), natural lighting (OR = 12.04, p = 0.000). On multivariate testing, the most influential variable is the level of knowledge (OR = 16.4 p = 0.000), closeness of contact (OR = 7.2 p = 0.002) and natural lighting (OR = 5.4 p = 0.031). The recomendation to Dinas Kesehatan Kota Blitar is to increase public knowledge about immunization, diphtheria disease and improving the quality of home environment.

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