Laras Rizqonia Hillan, 080810649 and Siti Wafiroh, S.Si., M.Si and Suyanto, Dr. Ir. M.Si. (2013) PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI BIOPLASTIK DARI KOMPOSIT KITOSAN-PATI SINGKONG-SELULOSA DIASETAT DARI SERAT BATANG PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca normalis) DENGAN PLASTICIZER ASAM STEARAT. Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam ( Journal Of Matematics, and Science), 16 (1). ISSN 0852-4556

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Abstract

Bioplastics are plastics alternatives to replace the difficult commercial plastic degraded in the environment. This study aims to determine the characteristics of bioplastic composite chitosancassava starch-cellulose diacetate with plasticizer stearic acid. Synthesis of chitosan from small crab waste includes deproteinasi stage, demineralization, depigmentation, and deacetylation. While the synthesis cellulose diacetate from stem fibers of kepok banana (Musa paradisiaca normalis) through swelling stage, acetylation, and hydrolysis. Chitosan and cellulose diacetate, were characterized by solubility test, determination of average molecular weight, and FTIR. Bioplastics synthesized from the chitosan-starch with a variations of cellulose diacetate concentration 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%, and tested the mechanical properties. Mechanical properties of bioplastics with a maximum variation of stearic acid was added to 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. Characterization of bioplastics include the thickness, mechanical test, swelling test, endurance test and permeability to water, SEM, FTIR, and biodegradable test have been done. The results showed the optimum performance of bioplastics from chitosan 3%, 2% starch, cellulose diacetate 3% and 4% stearic acid has a thickness of 0.01 mm, stress 0,0200 (kN/mm2), strain 0,0947, and modulus young 0.2112 (kN/mm2). Bioplastics have 0,35 % swelling. Based on the SEM image, showed that the bioplastic has a flat surface and not porous. Biodegradable test showed that bioplastics can be degraded within 3 days, while the commercial plastic can not be degraded.

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