Nadia Anisah Tahani, 081624153013 (2019) PENGARUH METIL JASMONAT DAN DENSITAS INOKULUM TERHADAP BIOMASSA DAN KADAR FLAVONOID AKAR ADVENTIF SAMBUNG NYAWA (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) DALAM BIOREAKTOR BERGELEMBUNG TIPE BALON. Masters thesis, Universitas Airlangga.

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Abstract

Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. is a medicine plant that has flavonoids as its bioactive compounds. Biomass and flavonoid production must be increased to complete the needs of pharmaceutical industry. The enhancement can be done by adventitious root in vitro culture in balloon type bubble bioreactor (BTBB) with methyl jasmonate or MeJa (abiotic elicitor) and inoculum density (ID) treatments. This research have purpose to determine the effect of MeJa different concentrations and ID on biomass and flavonoid content of G. procumbens adventitious root culture. This research is done experimentally in laboratory. Two grams of adventitious roots were cultivated in BTBB 1 L scale contained 600 mL MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/L IBA 30 g/L sucrose. In 28 days, adventitious root was treated with different concentrations of MeJa treatment (0 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, and 200 μM) with 2 replications. In 35 days, adventitious roots were harvested. Fresh weight, dry weight, and flavonoid content were observed. 5 g/L and 10 g/L inoculums were used as variables for ID variation in ½ MS media supplemented with 5 mg/L IBA and 30 g/L sucrose in larger scale (3 L) of BTBB. In 35 days, adventitious roots were harvested. Fresh biomass, dry biomass, and growth index (GI) were observed. Total flavonoid levels were calculated by spectrophotometer UV-VIS. The results showed, the highest average of fresh and dry weight were obtained in 50 μM MeJa (35,7±11,4 and 2,4±1,0 g). The highest GI in inoculum density treatment was obtained in 5 g/L (10,8) with 118 g fresh weight and 2,7 dry weight. Fresh weight in 5 g/L treatment increased 11,8 fold and in 10 g/L than first inoculum. The highest total flavonoid content was obtained in 100 μM MeJa, quercetin 40.808,3 mg/L and kaempferol 137.861,1 mg/L and in 5 g/L ID, quercetin 2.483,3 mg/L and kaempferol 10.111,1 mg/L. Too high MeJa concentration caused decreased adventitious root growth but it can induced higher flavonoid synthesis as a term of self defence from abiotic stress. An optimum inoculum density supported an effective absortion of nutrition that needed by adventitious root during cultivation.

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