Mas’ud Hariadi, - and Rimayanti, - and Budi Utomo, - (2008) Effect of Heat Stress and Attempts to Maintenance optimal Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows During Hot Condition in The Tropical Climate. In: Management Strategy of Animal Health and Production Control on Anticipation Global Warming For Achievementof Millenium Development Goals. Dani Abadi, Surabaya, pp. 153-157. ISBN 978-979-17677-1-2

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Abstract

East Java province is characterized by high seasonal temperature, humidity and rainfall. The range of ambient temperature is depend on the altitude.. In the highlands the temperature is lower than in the lowland areas. The effects of hot temperature are mediated through an effect on body temperature of cow. Some effects of heat stress on fertility of dairy cows have been studied in the four UPT - HMTs at East Java. Fertility of cows decreased during dry season in both Branggahan (Kediri) and Karangwaru (Tuban) UPT - HMTs. The incidence of anestrus and repeat breeders increased especially in both Branggahan and Karangwaru UPT - HMTs. Anestrus was probably due to reduction of the length and intensity sign of estrus, so that the number of undetected estrous period of cows increased. Heat stress can reduce fertility and embryonic survival, this incidence was observed by the high incidence of repeat breeding cows during dry season in the four UPT HMTs. Many attempts have been carried out in order to minimise these problems such as improving detection of estrus, cooling for lactating and dry dairy cows, estrous synchronisation, and hormonal treatment. Finally, attempts for maintaining optimal reproductive performance of dairy cows during hot condition reguire more intensive studies since many factors influencing the reduction of fertility in dairy cows. Keywords: heat stress, dairy cows, reproduction, seasons

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