Sajuni Widjaja and Erwin Astha Triyono and Arthur Pohan Kawilarang (2018) The Association between Cryptococcal Antigenemia and CD4+ T lymphocyte Count in HIV/AIDS Patients with Suspected Cryptococcus Infection. In: Proceedings of Surabaya International Physiology Seminar: SIPS. Scitepress, Surabaya, pp. 370-377. ISBN 978-989-758-340-7

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Abstract

Cryptococcus fungal infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV / AIDS) patients results in cryptococcal meningitis with a mortality of 100% if the patients do not receive appropriate antifungal therapy. An examination of cryptococcal antigens will provide risk information for patients who will experience cryptococcal meningitis. This study aimed to determine the proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV/AIDS patients treated at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya and to observe its relation with CD4+ T lymphocyte count. Cryptococcal antigenemia was examined in HIV/AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection and a CD4+ T lymphocyte count < 200 cell/μl. The examination used a lateral-flow assay diagnostic tool (a simple diagnostic kit from IMMY that detects the capsular antigen of cryptococcus) and also a fungal culture on sabouraud dextrose agar. There were three positive cryptococcal antigenemia from 41 serum specimens of HIV/AIDS patients with suspected cryptococcus infection and a CD4+ T cell lymphocyte count < 200 cell/μl. All the patients were males, aged over 36 years old, had CD4+ T cell lymphocytes < 100 cell/μl and had never received antiretroviral therapy before. The proportion of cryptococcal antigenemia in HIV/AIDS patients with suspected Cryptococcus infection and a CD4+ T cell lymphocyte count < 200 cell/μl was 7.32%. There was no significant association of the occurrence of cryptococcal antigenemia with age, gender, symptoms, CD4+ T lymphocyte count and previous ARV status.

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