Bara Bangun Ningharto (2021) Karakteristik Dan Faktor Risiko Lingkungan Pada Kejadian Leptospirosis Di Indonesia Literature Review. Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Leptospirosis is a disease of animal origin (zoonosis) that is widespread throughout the world. Leptospirosis transmission occurs due to poor environmental conditions in residential areas. This literature review aims to describe the physical environmental factors of standing water, the presence of garbage, house conditions, conditions of gutters, rainfall, and water sources, as well as biological factors, namely the presence of rats and livestock. The literature review uses descriptive epidemiological research with a case study design. Data was taken by collecting 10 research journals on environmental factors causing leptospirosis from Pub Med, Elsevier, Google scholar, and SINTA data base (minimum category 3). The data analysis used was a comprehensive study strategy and the data was presented in a narrative form. The results of the review showed that standing water became a shelter for rats. The bad condition of individual garbage dumps coupled with the accumulation of garbage in the open environment makes this place a source of food and shelter for rats which can be a medium for leptospirosis transmission. Unhealthy components of the house are the nesting places for various vectors and rodents that carry diseases, including rats. A gutter is a place that is often used as a place for rats to live or as a way into the house. Rainfall is an optimal condition for rats to reproduce, resulting in an increase in the rat population. Water sources for households that come from rivers have a higher risk of developing leptospirosis. As well as the presence of livestock is a transit place for rats so that it is possible to come in contact with rat urine when cleaning the cage.

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