Roy Bagus Kurniawan, - and Puspa Wardhani, - and Heny Arwati, - and Aryati, - and Trieva Verawaty Butarbutar, - and Christophorus Oetama Adiatmaja, - and Amarensi Milka Betaubun, - and Nur Chamidah, - (2020) Association of Parasite Density and Hematological Parameters of Plasmodium vivax- and Plasmodium falciparum-infected Patients Attending Merauke General Hospital, Papua, Indonesia. Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 8 (B). pp. 825-831. ISSN 1857-9655

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are frequent causes of malaria. Although they are blood parasites, their biological characteristics are dissimilar, and their species-related consequences on hematological parameters have not been widely investigated. They might be valuable to distinguish both species infection, notably for an endemic region with limited diagnostic resources. AIM: This study aimed to know the species-specific effect on hematological parameters and its correlation to the parasite density in P. vivax- and P. falciparum-infected patients attending Merauke General Hospital, Papua, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Malaria patients confirmed by blood film microscopy from January 1 to July 31, 2019, were recruited, and their hematological parameters were measured using Sysmex XN-1000 instrument. All obtained data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: From 100 malaria-positive patients, 87 patients, consisting of 57 P. vivax and 30 P. falciparum patients, met criteria. Anemia and parasite density >50,000 parasites/μL were significantly higher in P. falciparum than P. vivax patients (p < 0.05) though hemoglobin concentration and parasite density were insignificantly different. Interestingly, basophil count was significantly higher in P. falciparum compared to P. vivax patients (p = 0.04). The eosinophil count was significantly higher in P. vivax (p = 0.01) than P. falciparum patients and indicated a significant positive correlation (p = 0.04, r = +0.28) with the parasite density.CONCLUSION: There were significant differences between basophil and eosinophil count between P. vivax and P. falciparum infections. Eosinophil count showed a significant positive correlation with parasite density.

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