Maria Nindatu, - (1999) Efek Bunuh Kelambu Celup Permetrin Terhadap Nyamuk Anopheles Di Seram Barat, Maluku (Suatu Studi Gubuk Coba): Penelitlan Eksperimental. Thesis thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Malaria is a great problem in health in the world. This disease is easy to be transmission results in high illness rates. WHO (1993) reported that more than 40% (two billions) of population in the world have risk of developing malaria and every year 1-2 millions people suffer to this disease. Malaria still becomes a serious problem in Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province, where based on report of malariometric survey in 1996/1997 West Seram Subdistrict experiences malaria mesoendemy with spleen index for children of 2-9 years at IS .63%. In other hand, control programs that have been done so for only include spraying to mosquito places with DDT and Malathion as well as treatment to patient. But this is performed in villages that can be reached by health worker and the costs are very limited. The objective of this research is to determine killinR-clfect of several doses in permetrin-impregnated mosquito net against Anopheles ~qultoe and determine which permetrin-impregnated mosquito nets ave optimum killing effect against Anopheles in West Seram, Maluku. This research employs group random design with three treatments (permetrin-impregnated mosquito net: PlMN), namely PIMN at dose 200 mg/m2, 2S0 mg/m2 and 300 mg/m2. The experiments are done in three groups (blocks) where each group consists of villages with different geographical location. Piru village is representative of coastal village, Mata em pat of swamp village and Niniari of mountain area. Furthennore, killing effect ofPIMN is detennined based on average percentage of died Anopheles in each experiment hut in research setting. From statistical data using Variance Analisis it is discovered that PrMN at dose 200 mg/m2, 2S0 mg/m2 and 300 mg/m have different killing effect significantly (p<O.OS) on Anopheles mosquitoes in West Seram, Maluku. Averrage killing effect of PIMN increases from dose 200 mg/m2 as low dose (88.92%) to higher dose, 250 mg/m2 (92.S9%). However, at higher dose 300mg/m2 their killing effects against Anopheles mosquito's decrease again (76.08%). The high killing effect of PIMN employed in the research may be more likely caused by the fact that permetrin is never used in vector prevention program in West Seram Subdistrict so Anopheles mosquitoes are still very susceptable to insecticide although their doses are low, where in preceeding researches the doses are in range of200-S00 mg/m2. Furthermore, this study could be concluded that permetrin-impregnated mosquito net at dose 2S0 mg/m2 has optimal killing effect against Anopheles mosquitoes in West Seram, Maluku.

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