Nur Rochmah, - and Muhammad Faizi, - and Nur Nailul, NIM011218116303 and Prastiya Indra Gunawan, - (2020) Corresponding How common is Hypothyroidism in Children with Epilepsy on Antiepileptic Drugs. Asia Pac J Paediatr Child Health, 3. ISSN 2637-1308

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Abstract

Background: Epileptic children treated with oral antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are at risk of hypothyroidism. However, there are still limited data about the influence of AEDs on thyroid function in children. Aims: To analyze thyroid function of epileptic children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015 and 2020 at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia. Epileptic children treated with AEDs were included. Multiple AEDs were defined as more than one oral AEDs, which consisted of valproic acid, carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital. Hypothyroid was determined based on the decreased level of free thyroxine (fT4) and an increased level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Serum fT4 and TSH concentrations were measured in samples from epileptic children with single and multiple AEDs, and were compared using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney test. Results: Forty-one children were included in the study, with twenty-seven (65.9%) epileptic children were treated with single AED. Thirteen children (31.7%) diagnosed with hypothyroidism, in which 5 children received multiple AEDs. Valproic acid was the most frequent AEDs given to the epileptic children (39 children). Mean level of fT4 and TSH were 1.32±0.25ng/dl and 4.5±4.03mIU/L. There were no significant differences of fT4 and TSH level between single and multiple AEDs (p=0.095, p=0.805). There was no significant difference in thyroid dysfunction between single and multiple AEDs (p=0.734).

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