Alhasyimi, Ananto Ali and Nugraha, Alexander Patera and Farmasyanti, Cendrawasih Andusyana and Rosyida, Niswati Fathmah and Susanto, Hendri and Artasasta, Muh. Ade and Situmorang, Putri Cahaya and Shariff, Khairul Anuar (2026) Propolis nanoemulsion and mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium promote osteoblastogenesis against lipopolysaccharide-induced osteolysis in hyperglycemic rats. Scientific Reports, 16 (1).

Text Propolis nanoemulsion.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (3MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is known to worsen lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory osteolysis. However, regenerative therapy with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium (HUCMSCs-CM) and Tetragonula biroi propolis nanoemulsion (PNE) may suppress inflammatory osteolysis with hyperglycemia. This study investigated how HUCMSCs-CM and PNE affected the osteoblastogenesis markers in rats with hyperglycemia and inflammatory osteolysis. Twenty-eight healthy male rats (1�2 months old) were divided into seven groups: NC (negative control), LP (100 µL LPS), HG (> 230 mg/dL), LH (100 µL LPS with hyperglycemia), LHH (LPS, hyperglycemia, and 100 µL HUCMSCs-CM), LHN (LPS, hyperglycemia, and 100 µL PNE), and LHHN (LPS, hyperglycemia), and 100 µL LPS from Escherichia coli was used to induce calvarial osteolysis. PNE and HUCMSCs-CM were prepared and administered subcutaneously into the calvaria. Thereafter, hyperglycemia was induced via intraperitoneal administration of 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin for 1 week. The rats were sacrificed on day 8, and ELISA was used to measure Coll1a1, ALP, and osteopontin in the blood samples. Immunohistochemistry was employed to examine the osteoblastogenesis markers; RUNX-2, osterix, osteonectin, and osteocalcin. In the LPS-induced inflammatory osteolysis model with hyperglycemia, administration of HUCMSCs and PNE significantly increased osteoblastogenesis markers (P � 0.05). The combination treatment showed the most pronounced effect, enhancing serum Coll1a1, ALP, and osteopontin levels, as well as RUNX-2, osterix, osteonectin, and osteocalcin expression. These findings indicate that HUCMSCs-CM and PNE synergistically promote osteoblastogenesis in hyperglycemia-aggravated inflammatory osteolysis and may represent a promising regenerative therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bone loss under compromised metabolic conditions. © The Author(s) 2026.

Actions (login required)

View Item