Alya Kusumaningrum, - (2022) Profile of Gastrointestinal Manifestation on Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 in RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Although primarily known as a respiratory disease, COVID-19 could have gastrointestinal manifestations, such as diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, and abdominal pain since angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors are also expressed in small intestinal epithelial cells. Objective: To identify and analyze the gastrointestinal manifestations on pediatric patients with COVID-19 in RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Method: This is a descriptive retrospective research that use secondary data from the medical records of pediatric patients of COVID-19 in RSUD Dr. Soetomo during the period of 1 July 2020 to 30 June 2021. The inclusion criteria of this research are patients in the age of 0-18 years who were confirmed COVID-19 through PCR test. The collected data include the demographic, underlying medical condition, severity of illness, gastrointestinal manifestation, and supporting examinations. Results: Of all 113 pediatric patients with COVID-19, the average age was 8 years old, male, confirmed COVID-19 positive before hospitalization, not yet recovered after being discharged, and had a mean hospital length of stay of 16 days. 76.1% of patients had an underlying medical condition. 37.2% of patients was asymptomatic. The gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 found in 44.2% of the total patients include nausea or vomiting (25.7%), diarrhea (15.9%), anorexia (13.3%), abdominal pain (8.8%), hepatomegaly (1.8%), splenomegaly (1.8%) and GI bleeding (1.8%). Conclusion: 44.2% of the total patients in this study had at least one gastrointestinal symptom of COVID-19. The highest prevalence of GI manifestation of COVID-19 was nausea or vomiting, accounting for 25.7% of all patients.88

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