Berthin Sappang (2015) Variasi Haplotipe Populasi Toraja (Analisis Mitochondrial DNA pada Populasi Toraja di Kete Kesu, Lembang Bunoran, Desa Pantarukan Lolo, Kecamatan Kesu, Kabupaten Toraja Utara). Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Penelitian dengan mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) banyak dilakukan untuk menganalisis pola pesebaran manusia dan genealogis suatu populasi dikarenakan sifat mtDNA yang diwariskan melalui garis keturunan ibu (maternal inheritance). Toraja adalah salah satu suku tertua yang ada di Indonesia yang awalnya hidup terisolir akibat isolat geografis berupa pegunungan. Hal ini mendorong orang Toraja mengembangkan kebudayaan khas yang didasarkan pada ajaran Aluk Todolo dan diwariskan secara lisan hingga kini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan variasi genetik yang terdapat pada populasi Toraja berdasarkan analisis Hypervariable segment II D-Loop mtDNA. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 3 sampel tengkorak yang diambil dari areal kubur batu Desa Wisata Ke’te’ Kesu’, Kabupaten Toraja Utara dan dianalisis dengan metode PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) yang terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu pengambilan sampel, isolasi mtDNA, amplifikasi dengan teknik PCR, elektroforesis, sekuensing mtDNA, analisis data, dan simpulan. Proses pemeriksaan PCR dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Human Genetik di Institute of Tropical Disease (ITD). Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis daerah HVS II D-Loop mtDNA menghasilkan 43 varian nukleotida dari hasil perbandingan dengan rCRS (revised Cambridge References Sequences) yang disimpulkan sebagai haplotipe populasi Toraja. Selain itu, analisis perbandingan haplotipe antar sampel juga membuktikan sistem kekerabatan orang Toraja menganut prinsip bilateral Translation: Research with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is mostly done to analyze patterns of the spread of human and genealogical of a population due to the nature of the mtDNA is inherited through the maternal lineage (maternal inheritance). Toraja is one of the oldest tribes in Indonesia who initially lives isolated due to geographic isolates of the mountains. This encouraged people to develop a distinctive culture of Toraja based on the belief of Aluk Todolo and passed down orally until now. This research aimed to describe the genetic variation in Toraja population-based on analysis of Hypervariable segment II D-Loop mtDNA. This research used 3 skull samples which taken from the area of the grave stone in Ke’te’ Kesu’. Then, 3 samples were analyzed by the method of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) which consisted of several stages of sampling, isolation of mtDNA, amplification with PCR, electrophoresis techniques, mtDNA sequencing, analysis of data, and conclusions. The PCR process was carried out in the Laboratory of Human Genetics at the Institute of Tropical Disease. Research results based on the analysis of the HVS II D-Loop mtDNA produced 43 variant nucleotide from the results of the comparison with the rCRS (revised Cambridge References Sequences) those were inferred as the haplotipe population of Toraja. In addition, the analysis of the comparison between the haplotipe samples also proved kinship system in Toraja was bilateral.

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