Ika Rhisty Cendana Sari (2015) EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK SIWAK (SalvadoraPersica.L) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI DAN BIOFILM BAKTERI Enterococcus faecalis SECARA IN VITRO. Thesis thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is the most persistent gram positive bacteria that exists in root canal and caused secondary infection after endodontic treatment. Pathogenicity by E. faecalis is caused by overgrowth of it’s planktonic and biofilm bacteria formed. E. faecalis as a planktonic bacteria produces lipoteichoid acid (LTA) as virulence factor that could defend it’s permeability cell. As a biofilm bacteria, E. faecalis produce protease such as Esp (enterococcal surface protein), GelE (gelatinase), and SprE (serin protease) that has quorum-sensing mechanism as an adhesion factor to form extracellular polysaccharide substance (EPS) and increasing the growth of biofilm bacteria itself. Siwak (Salvadora persica L.) as a medicinal herb has an antimicrobial and antibiofilm mechanism by it’s active component named benzylisothio-cyanate, trimethylamine, and salvadorine that could inhibit growth of E. faecalis as a planktonic and also the biofilm bacteria. Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure inhibition effect of siwak extract towards both E. faecalis as a planktonic and also biofilm bacteria’s growth. Method : As an antimicrobial research, the first method used culture of E.faecalis that was incubated in TSB medium. Siwak extract was diluted into the different concentrations: 25%; 30%; 35%; 40%; 45%; 50%; 55%; 60%;65%; 70%; 75%; 100%. The extract was placed into the E. faecalis’s colony and planted into Trypticase Soy Agar medium. After 24 hours incubation in 37◦C temperature, the colony would be measured and compared with control (+), control (-), and also chlorhexidine 0,1%. As an antibiofilm research, the method used biofilm microtitter assay that formed and growth biofilm bacteria E. faecalis is incubated in 96 well-plate that contain TSB medium and glucose 0,1% . Siwak extract also diluted into the same range concentration like the first method and placed into the colony of E. faecalis that could form biofilm bacteria. After incubation, three times washed process and staining with chrystal violet. The Optical Density was measured by spectrophotometry 595 nm. Results: Siwak extract could inhibit the growth of planktonic E. faecalis bacteria in 35% concentration as a minimum inhibitory concentration and the growth of biofilm E. faecalis bacteria in 45% concentration as a minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration. Conclusion: Siwak extract has an inhibition effect particulary in a concentration of 35% towards growth planktonic bacteria and 45% towards the growth biofilm bacteria of E. faecalis.

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