Shavira Kartika Dewi Safitri, NIM011311133189 (2017) FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KEJADIAN RETINOPATI DIABETIKA PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUD DR. SOETOMO SURABAYA. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Airlangga.

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Abstract

Introduction Diabetes Mellitus is a common metabolic disorder in the global community. Diabetes mellitus leading to the development of many complications, one of which is diabetic retinopathy. This complication can contribute to blindness if not diagnosed or treated properly. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the methods for the prevention or slowing down the progression. Objective To examine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among people with type 2 diabetes. Methods This study is cross sectional. The sample in this study is outpatients of diabetic retinopathy in Ophthalmology Policlinic Dr. Soetomo Hospital and outpatients of nonretinopathy type 2 diabetes in Internal Medicine Policlinic Dr. Soetomo Hospital as study control. Risk factor evaluation consists of anamnesis, physical examination, and laboratory results such as duration of type 2 diabetes, random plasma glucose (RPG), postprandial plasma glucose at 2 hours (PPG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, history of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and history of intraocular surgery. The data are proceed and presented in table. Analysis is made on descriptive and analytical methods by using chi-square, coefficient contingency, and odds ratio. Results From this study obtained 70 diabetic retinopathy patients and 60 patients with nonretinopathy type 2 diabetes as control. Duration of type 2 diabetes (OR 9.038, 95% CI 4.046-20.193 for > 5 / ≤ 5 years; OR 7.304, 95% CI 2.364-22.568 for > 10 / ≤ 10 years; OR 16.091, 95% CI 2.056-125.909 for > 15 / ≤ 15 years), total cholesterol (OR 3.299, 95% CI 1.592 - 6.837), LDL-cholesterol (OR 2.316, 95% CI 1.055 – 5.085), systolic (OR 3.000, 95% CI 1.361 – 6.611), diastolic (OR 3.568, 95% CI 1.623 – 7.842), and history of intraocular surgery (OR 4.833, 95% CI 1.015 – 23.012) are significantly related to the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. Duration of type 2 diabetes was the most contribute risk factor to diabetic retinopathy incidence. Other risk factors did not significantly related to the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. Summary The risk factors that contribute to the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes are duration of type 2 diabetes, total cholesterol, LDL, systolic, diastolic, and history of intraocular surgery.

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