PUTRI RAHAYU, NIM011511133234 (2018) EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) TERHADAP PARASITEMIA, SPLENOMEGALI, DAN HEPATOMEGALI PADA MENCIT BALB/c TERINFEKSI Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Airlangga.

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Abstract

Background: Malaria is one of the infectious diseases that has spread throughout the world especially in tropical and sub-tropical countries. The number of malaria cases during 2016 had been estimated as 216 milion and 445,000 deaths due to malaria. The event worsened by the existence of resistance to antimalarial drugs. Based on the above facts, other alternative treatments are needed in dealing with malaria cases, for example by using drugs derived from natural ingredients. Morinda citrifolia or noni is a medicinal plant that found in all parts of Indonesia has many benefits for human health, such as antibacterial, analgesic, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and can increase immunity. The aims of this study were to determine the antimalarial activity of ethanol extract of noni leaves and its effect on splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Method: Extract of noni leaves was prepared by maceration using ethanol solvent. The invivo test of ethanol extract of noni leaves was done in 5 groups of mice infected with P. berghei ANKA base on Peter test. Group 1, 2, and 3 given with 100,10, and 1 mg/kgWB respectively. Group 4 was a positive control that infected with P. berghei ANKA and treated with 20 mg/kgWB of chloroquine. Negative controle of mice were infected with P. berghei ANKA but without any additional treatment. Ethanol extract of noni leaves and chloroquine were given daily at day 5 post infection for 4 days course of treatment. Observation of parasitemia was done every day since first day post infection. At the end of test, mice were sacrificed and spleen and liver were collected to measure their sizes. Probit analysis were performed to find out the ED50 and Spearmen test to analyze the correlation between doses and the size of splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Result: Probit analysis resulted in ED50 was 0.882 mg/kg/WB. Spearmen test showed there was no correlation between doses with the size of splenomegaly with p=0,2 and between doses with the size of hepatomegaly with p=0,6 (significancy : p<0,05). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of noni leaves possess antimalaria activity with ED50 was 0.882 mg/kg/WB. There is no correlation between doses with the splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Keyword: Morinda citrifolia, Antimalarial, In vivo, P. berghei ANKA, Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly

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