Joni Wahyuhadi, NIDN. 8885900016 and Agus Chairul Anab (2007) Correlation Between Mutant p53 Protein Expression and Histopathological Grading in Astrocytoma Patients. Folia Medica Indonesiana, 43 (2). pp. 68-74. ISSN 0303-7932

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Abstract

Mutation of p53 gene plays an important role in astrocytoma carcinogenesis. The mutation process results in p53 mutant which fails to stop the tumor's cellular proliferation or apoptotic process resulting new cells with persistent genetic mutation. p53 mutant expression detected by imunnohistochemistry staining shows the biological behavior of tumor cell. Some authors found that p53 protein expression relates to histopathological grading which affects the prognosis. However, some studies showed different results. These findings invite debatable subject around p53 mutant and histophatological grading. The objective of this study was to prove the correlation between p53 mutant protein expression with histophatologic grading in astrocytoma patients. This was an analytic cross-sectional study using imunohistochemical staining for p53 mutant expression, conducted from January to August 2005. Data were analyzed to find the relation between WHO histopathological grading, age, and sex, and p53 protein expression. The confidence interval was a = .05. The results found that 33 astrocytoma patients were operated, with age range from 4 to 62 years old, averagely 30.91 years old. Most patients aged between 31-40 years old., predominantly male (male: female = 60.6% : 39.4%). Histopathological diagnosis mostly was diffuse astrocytoma (WHO grade II) found in 48.5% cases,pilocytic astrocytoma (WHO grade III) 30.3%, and Globlastoma multiforme 6.1%. Mild expression of p53 was found in WHO grade I. Mild expression of p53 increased to 14 (42.4%) in WHO grade II and 2 patients had severe degree. Percentage of patients of WHO grade III showed severe grade of expression increasing to 6 patients (18.2%). In WHO grade IV group, there was 1 patient (3.0%) with severe expression and 1 patient with very severe expression. Statistical analysis using Spearman correlation test showed that there was a correlation between p53 mutant expression with increasing histopathological grading of astrocytoma, p=.001 (p<.0001) with correlation coefficient 0.736. In conclusion, there is positive correlation between p53 mutant protein expression and histopathological grading (p<.0001; correlation coefficient 0.736), as well as age (p<0.05; correlation coefficient 0.434)

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