Siti Khotimah and Rachmat Hargono and Mohammad Zainal Fatah (2018) Self Efficacy and Adherence to Antiretroviral (ARV) Drug Therapy Among People Living With HIV-AIDS (PLWHA). International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences, 5 (5). pp. 81-87. ISSN 2289-7577

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Abstract

Background: Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) is a gold way to achieve maximal suppression of HIV replication for PLWHA. It is improving his health, improving his quality of life, and prolonging his survival. In Tulungagung district, the prevalence of the ART adherence was low. People living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA) who lost to follow up as much as 14.98%, PLWHA who still do ART as much as 54.31%, and PLWHA who did follow up with adherence rate more than 95% as much as 64.22%. It is because patients can not handle their environmental contraints during ART. Self-efficacy is a way to self-control environmental contraints. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of self-efficacy and adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) drug therapy among people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA). Material and Method: This study was observational analytic with case control design. Sampling was random sampling and obtained 99 people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA) into 2 groups. First group was 33 PLWHA who lost to follow up as a case group (non-adherence group). Second group was 66 PLWHA who did follow up with adherence rate more than 95% as a control group (adherence group). The data was collected at VCT Seruni Clinic in RSUD dr. Iskak Tulungagung. This study also did home visit to collect primary data needed. This study used logistic regression with α = 0.05. Results: Adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) drug therapy was influenced by self-efficacy (p = 0.000). PLWHA who had low self-efficacy were at risk for not adherence 7.6 times greater than PLWHA who had high self-efficacy (OR = 7.6) Conclusion: Adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) drug therapy was influenced by self-efficacy. It is suggested to Health Service Centre to giving intensive counseling to PLWHA during do Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Intensive counseling serves to increase self-efficacy.

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