Nastiti Faradilla Ramadhani and Alexander Patera Nugraha and Nanda Rachmad Putra Gofur and Dalhar Hakiki and Rini Devijanti Ridwan (2020) Elevation of C-reactive protein in chronic periodontitis patient as cardiovascular disease risk factor. Biochemical and Cellular Archives, 20 (1). pp. 2875-2878. ISSN 09725075

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Abstract

Periodontal disease is an oral health problem with a high prevalence in Indonesian society about 96.58%. Chronic Periodontitis (CP) is an oral health problem, which if left untreated can lead to tooth loss, bone loss and cardiovascular disease risk factor. Porphyromonas gingivalis often found in patients with CP. P. gingivalis can produce endotoxin like Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that can stimulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-á (TNF-á), interleukin (IL-1â, IL-6 and IL-8) and indirectly can stimulate the liver to produce acute-phase proteins like CReactive Protein (CRP). CRP binds to damaged cells, healing phase, and activate neutrophils to the endothelium chemotaxis. The release of cytokines and CRP initiate the formation of atherosclerosis by circulating monocytes attached to the endothelium wall. Attachment endothelium is mediated Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), Endothelial Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule (ECAM-1) and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Formation of Atheromatous Plaque (AP) can lead to blood vessel walls become thick so the lumen of blood vessels become narrow, resulting in increased blood flow. Thrombosis often occurs after the outbreak of the AP, occurred activation of platelets and the coagulation pathway. Platelets and fibrinaccumulation can cover the blood vessels causing tissue ischemia such as anginapectorisormy ocardialin farction. This narrative review describe the elevation CRP in CP as a ardiovascular disease risk factor. There was an increased level of CRP in CP patient. Elevation of CRP level in periodontitis can be a risk factor of cardiovascular disease.

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