Ubaida Assalwa (2021) Review Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Dewasa Dengan Infeksi Meningitis: Literature Review. Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Bacterial meningitis is a central nervous system infection caused by certain types of bacteria that causes death in more than one thousand patients in Indonesia. the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in adults is Streptococcus pneumonia. Meningitis is characterized by inflammation of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis in adult often begins with respiratory disease or strep throat. Most of the meningitis is acute which is characterized by fever, headache, neck stiffness and vomiting. This review aims to review the types of antibiotics and antibiotic regimens in adult patients with meningitis infection. The review is a narrative review using the PubMed search engine with the keywords used are “Antibiotic OR antimicrobial agent OR antibacterial agent AND Adult AND Meningitis OR Bacterial Meningitis” and there were 12 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The result of the review show that a combination of ceftriaxone (2 g/12 hours; 1-4 g/day) and vancomycin (15 mg/12 hours; 15 mg/8 hours; 0.5-3 g/day) with or without meropenem (2 g/ 8 hours) is used for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in adults. Meanwhile, meropenem (1 g/8 jam;1 g/6 jam; 2 g/8 jam) single therapy for 3-14 day is used to treat postoperative meningitis patients. Standart therapy for TBM includes Rifampiciin 10 mg/kg/day; isoniazide 5 mg/kg/day; pyrazinamid 25 mg/kg/day; and ethambuthol 15 mg/kg/day (for 6 months therapy) or 20 mg/kg/day (for 9 months therapy). Meanwhile the intensified therapy is standart therapy with increasing dose of rifampicin (up to 15 mg/kg/day) or addition of levofloxacin (20 mg/kg/day) during the first 2 months of treatment. Intensified therapy also use high dose ripampicin (up to 30 mg/kg/day) for the first 30 days 0f treatment or levofloxacin (10 mg/kg/day for 6 months or a combination of rifampicin and moxifloxacin for 14 days.

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