Noor Faizah Imansari (2015) The Heroine’s Downfall In Homer’s “Iliad” & Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina: An Intertextual Study. Skripsi thesis, UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA.

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Abstract

Helen in Homer‘s ―Iliad‖ and Anna in Tolstoy‘s Anna Karenina are two literature heroines with many similarities in their characterizations and experiences. Both are famous as the heroines who meet miseries as the result of their adulterous affair. Yet, they also have differences since both literary works came from two distinctive socio-cultural setting. Helen in Homer‘s ―Iliad‖ lives in the ancient Greek Imperials and divine kinship that obliged the Olympian Gods and Goddesses, while Anna lives in the modern Russian Imperial society under the strong patriarchal tradition. This study aims to discover the red string which connects Homer‘s ―Iliad‖ and Leo Tolstoy‘s Anna Karenina through Intertextual reading. Intertextuality is used as the approach, method, and theory of this study to reveal that there is an Intertextual connection between Homer‘s ―Iliad‖ and of Tolstoy‘s Anna Karenina. Thus, it leads the writer to examine the character, plot, and setting related to Helen in Homer‘s ―Iliad‖ and Anna in Tolstoy‘s Anna Karenina. Comparison of the similarities and differences between the heroines‘ characterizations and plot of the stories are observed to find out that there is a connection of hypogram and transformation between Homer‘s ―Iliad‖ and Tolstoy‘s Anna Karenina. Furthermore, the setting helps to discover the connection of the socio-cultural toward the heroines‘ downfalls. The result of the study reveals that, from the similarities and the proof in the text, Anna is Helen‘s transformation created by Tolstoy in a realistic modern life. From the observation, the writer also finds that the heroines‘ downfalls in both works are based on the socio-cultural at the time they were living in.

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