Tristiana Erawati and Esti Hendradi and Widji Soeratri (2014) Praformulation study of P-Methoxycinnamic Acid (PMCA) nanoemulsion using vegetable oils (soybean oil, corn oil, VCO). International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6 (2). pp. 99-101. ISSN 0975-1491

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Abstract

Objective: This study aims were to obtain the praformulation data of p-methoxycinnamic acid (PMCA) (solubility in buffer; apparent partition coefficient between buffer and vegetable oils), to determine the fatty acids content and screening HLB needs of each oils as well as to determine the composition of nanoemulsion using these oils, surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80) and ethanol 96% as cosurfactant. Methods: Solubility test of PMCA in acetate buffer pH 4.2±0.2 were conducted with shakes and followed by measuring PMCA amount dissolved by spectrophotometer. To determine the PMCA apparent partition coefficients between buffer pH 4.2±0.2 and soybean oil, corn oil, VCO, respectively, PMCA dissolved in buffer then oil that has been saturated with buffer were added. Firstly by shaking followed by centrifugations than PMCA remained amount in the buffer was measured by spectrophotometer. Determination of fatty acid contents in the oils was used GC-MS while screening HLB was carried by various compositions of surfactants and cosurfactant to obtain a clear emulsion (nanoemulsion). Results: From the results of this study, the solubility of PMCA in acetate buffer pH 4.2±0.2 was 70.04±0.66 mg/L. PMCA apparent partition coefficient in buffer pH 4.2±0.2 and soybean oil, corn oil, and VCO, respectively were 2.39; 2.38 and 2.41. The main contents of soybean oil fatty acids were 19.57% palmitic acid, 45.2% linoleic acid, 25.36% elaidic acid, and 7.07% stearic acid. The main contents of corn oil fatty acids were 26.86% palmitic acid, 31.52% linoleic acid, 31.30% elaidic acid and 4.68% stearic acid. The main contents of VCO fatty acids were 32.41% lauric acid, 24.15% myristic acid, 15.68% palmitic acid, 2.29% linoleic acid, 11.06% elaidic acid and 5.22% stearic acid. These oils HLB needs was 14 and the ratio of surfactant - cosurfactant which can formed a clear emulsion (nanoemulsion) was 6:1 Conclusion: 1) To produce nanoemulsion with soybean oil, corn oil, and VCO as oil phase HLB needs was 14 and the ratio of surfactant and cosurfactant was 6:1. 2) Nanomulsions with soybean oil and corn oil more turbid than nanoemulsion with VCO.

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